4. Commitments and Contingencies

Legal proceedings

From time to time, the Company is a party to various lawsuits, claims, and other legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of its business. While the outcomes of these matters are uncertain, management does not expect that the ultimate costs to resolve these matters will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

Sonnet BioTherapeutics Holdings, Inc.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

License agreements

In July 2012, the Company entered into a Discovery Collaboration Agreement (the “Collaboration Agreement”) with XOMA (US) LLC (“XOMA”), pursuant to which XOMA granted to the Company a non-exclusive, non-transferable license and/or right to use certain materials, technologies and related information related to discovery, optimization and development of antibodies and related proteins and to develop and commercialize products thereunder. The Company is obligated to make contingent milestone payments to XOMA totaling $3.8 million on a product-by-product basis upon the achievement of certain development and approval milestones related to a product. The Company has also agreed to pay XOMA low single-digit royalties on net sales of products sold by the Company. Royalties on each product are payable on a country-by-country basis until the later of (i) a specified period of time after the first commercial sale, and (ii) the date of expiration of the last valid claim in the last-to-expire of the issued patents covered by the Collaboration Agreement. The first milestone was achieved in April 2022, at which time the Company incurred a $0.5 million license fee which was recorded as acquired in-process research and development. No license fees were incurred during the three and six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

In August 2015, the Company entered into a License Agreement (the “ARES License Agreement”) with Ares Trading, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Merck KGaA (“ARES”). Under the terms of the ARES License Agreement, ARES has granted the Company a sublicensable, exclusive, worldwide, royalty-bearing license on proprietary patents to research, develop, use and commercialize products using atexakin alfa (“Atexakin”), a low dose formulation of human IL-6 in peripheral neuropathies and vascular complications. Pursuant to the ARES License Agreement, the Company will pay ARES high single-digit royalties on net sales of products sold by the Company. Royalties are payable on a product-by-product and country-by-country basis until the later of (i) a specified period of time after the first commercial sale in such country, and (ii) the last date on which such product is covered by a valid claim in such country.

In January 2019, the Company entered into a Frame Services and License Agreement (the “Cellca Agreement”) with Sartorius Stedim Cellca GMBH (“Cellca”), pursuant to which Cellca has granted the Company a worldwide, non-exclusive, perpetual, non-transferable license to develop, manufacture or have manufactured, use, sell, import, export and/or otherwise commercialize product based on Cellca’s work to generate a specified transfected cell line and develop an upstream production process for such cell line. The Cellca Agreement is effective unless terminated by either party by giving six months notice, or by giving 14 days notice if terminated for good cause. The Company is obligated to make milestone payments to Cellca totaling up to $0.7 million upon the achievement of certain development and approval milestones if the Buy-Out Option is not exercised. The Company has a Buy-Out Option that will be effective between the time of completion of a clinical trial and the receipt of regulatory approval for commercialization of product. The cost to exercise the Buy-Out Option increases on each anniversary of the commencement date of the Buy-Out Option Period, and ranges from $0.1 million to $0.6 million. The cost to exercise the Buy-Out Option will replace the $0.6 million contingent milestone payment due upon final regulatory approval. The first milestone was achieved in April 2022, at which time the Company incurred a $0.1 million license fees which was recorded as acquired in-process research and development. No license fees were incurred during the three and six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

In October 2021, the Company entered into a Non-Exclusive License Agreement (the “Brink Agreement”) with Brink Biologics Inc. (“Brink”), pursuant to which Brink has granted the Company a non-exclusive, non-transferable license and limited right to sublicense certain materials and related information to develop cell-based assays for batch, quality control, stability, efficacy, potency or any other type of assay required for production and commercialization of products. During the product development phase, the Company was obligated to make annual product development license fee payments of approximately $0.1 million. In April 2023, the Brink Agreement was amended, effective November 2022, to reduce the annual license fee payments to $12,000 for storage. If materials are removed from storage during the product development phase, the annual product development license fee of approximately $0.1 million will apply. If a product achieves commercial status, the Company is obligated to make a commercial product license fee payment of approximately $0.1 million per commercial product. The amended agreement has an initial term of one year and will automatically renew for one additional year unless terminated or converted to a product development license. After the second year, the license will automatically convert to a full license requiring a product development or a commercial product license fee unless the parties mutually agree to terminate the agreement. No license fees were incurred during the three months ended March 31, 2024. The Company incurred $12,000 in license fees during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and the six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, which were recorded as acquired in-process research and development and included in research and development expenses in the unaudited interim consolidated statement of operations.

Sonnet BioTherapeutics Holdings, Inc.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

In February 2022, the Company entered into a Biological Materials License Agreement (the “InvivoGen Agreement”) with InvivoGen SAS (“InvivoGen”), pursuant to which InvivoGen has granted the Company a worldwide, non-exclusive license to use certain reporter cells for research, development and/or quality control purposes. The InvivoGen Agreement has an initial term of three years and may be extended for two additional three-year periods upon written notice by the Company and payment of an approximately €0.1 million fee per extension (approximately $0.1 million as of March 31, 2024). No license fees were incurred during the three and six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

In March 2022, the Company entered into a Material Transfer and License Agreement (the “ProteoNic Agreement”) with ProteoNic B.V. (“ProteoNic”), pursuant to which ProteoNic has granted to the Company a non-exclusive, non-transferable, non-sublicensable (except as provided for in the ProteoNic Agreement) license for certain materials, including plasmids and DNA sequences used to generate the vectors used in the Company’s cell lines, for the Company’s use in research, development and commercialization of product. The license will continue until terminated by either party. The Company incurred a $24,600 license fee upon obtaining the license. No license fees were incurred during the three and six months ended March 31, 2024. In January 2024, the Company terminated the ProteoNic Agreement and has no further obligations under the arrangement.

Research and development agreement

In December 2021, the Company entered into a Research and Development Agreement (the “Navigo Agreement”), as subsequently amended, with Navigo Proteins GmbH (“Navigo”), pursuant to which Navigo will perform specified evaluation and development procedures to evaluate certain materials to determine their commercial potential. Under the terms of the Navigo Agreement, the Company has granted Navigo a royalty-free, non-exclusive, worldwide, non-sublicensable, non-transferable right and license to use certain technology to perform the evaluation and development activities, and Navigo has granted the Company (i) an exclusive, worldwide, perpetual, irrevocable, sublicensable, transferable, royalty-free right and license to research, develop, use, sell, have sold, distribute, import or otherwise commercially exploit certain materials, and (ii) a non-exclusive, worldwide, perpetual, sublicensable, non-transferable right and license to make or have made such materials. The Company incurred a $0.1 million technology access fee upon execution of the Navigo Agreement, at which time it was recorded as acquired in-process research and development. The Company is obligated to make contingent milestone payments to Navigo, totaling up to $1.0 million upon the achievement of certain evaluation and development milestones as outlined in the Navigo Agreement. Certain evaluation milestones were achieved in 2023, including $0.1 million in license fees which were recorded as acquired in-process research and development and included as research and development expenses in the unaudited interim consolidated statement of operations for the six months ended March 31, 2023. No milestones were achieved and no license fees were incurred during the three and six months ended March 31, 2024 and the three months ended March 31, 2023.

Sonnet BioTherapeutics Holdings, Inc.

Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

Employment agreements

The Company has entered into employment contracts with its officers and certain employees that provide for severance and continuation of benefits in the event of termination of employment either by the Company without cause or by the employee for good reason, both as defined in the contract. In addition, in the event of termination of employment following a change in control, as defined, either by the Company without cause or by the employee for good reason, any unvested portion of the employee’s initial stock option grant becomes immediately vested.